The Shipper Party 托运方
Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托运方是否合格？
Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper’s 必须是货主，无船承运

人和托运人协会association.
Cannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是货运代理人
Is the shipper party the party that will use 托运方是否为合同的

使用方？
the contract?
Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托运方的

代理和附属公司
Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情况：如果直接货

主的附属
party if it will be responsible for the freight. 公司负责运费，

其可以是托运方。
Must Use Full Legal Name 必须使用法定的全称
The full legal name and business address 服务合同中必须显示
of the shipper party must appear on the 托运方的法定全称和营业

地址。
service contract.
Should usually include a corporate identifier 通常必须包括公司

的标志符
(Inc., Ltd., Co.). （Inc., Ltd., Co.）
Contract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的标题，第9条款
block should match. 和签字栏必须一致。

Affiliates 附属公司
Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use 托运方可以在

合同第9条款中
the service contract in Section 9. 列入有权使用服务合同的附属公

司。
An affiliate is a person that controls, is 附属公司是指拥有托运

方，
controlled by, or is under common control 被托运方拥有或被同一

公司拥有的实体。
with, the shipper party.
The full legal name and business address of 必须包括每一个附属

公司
each affiliate must be included. 的法定全称和营业地址。
Trade names may also be indicated in 除法定全称外，也可列入商号

。
addition to the full legal name.
NVOCCs may not list affiliates. 无船承运人不可列入附属公司。
When the Service Contract May be Used 何时可以使用服务合同？
A service contract may not be used until the 只有在SECAUCUS办公

室
Secaucus office notifies the agent that the 通知代理服务合同已

经向FMC
service contract has been filed with the FMC. 登记后，服务合同

才可以使用。

The Secaucus office will issue Daily Filing Notices. SECAUCUS办

公室将发出“每日登记通知”。
Enforcement of Service Contract Terms 服务合同条款的执行
not to deviate from the service contract terms. 不可以偏离服务

合同条款。
A contract may be amended to reduce MQC or 服务合同可进行修改减

少
extend the contract term. 最低箱量或延长服务合同
If the MQC (as amended, if applicable) is not 如果最低货量没有

完成，
satisfied, an invoice for liquidated damages 在合同到期后30天内
must be issued within 30 days of the end of 发出清算损失发票。
the service contract term.
Service Contract must be with qualified shipper. 服务合同必须与

合格的托运人签订。
Shipper Party is person that will use the contract. 托运方为将

会使用合同的人。
Full name (and trade name, if any) and address of 条款9中必须显

示托运方和
shipper party and any affiliates entitled to use the 任何有权使

用合同的附属公司的
contract must appear in Term 9. 全称（和商号，如果有）和营业地

址。
If contract is with Shipper’s Association, Members 如果与托运

人协会签订合同，
entitled to use the contract must be listed. 合同中必须列入有权

使用合同的成员公司。
All parties entitled to use contract must certify status. 所有

有权使用合同的各方必须证明其身份。
Contract m

D．条款
Contract Terms （and conditions ） 合同条款
Article 条
Section 节/项
Item 款
Stipulation 规定
Essential terms 必备（主要）条款
Revision 修改
Alteration 更改
Contract Signatory 合同签署方（人）
Merchant 签约方
Head-Contractor 总承包商
Sub-Contractor 分包商
Parties to the contract 合同（协议签约）有关各方

E. 买卖方、中介
Manufacturer 制造（厂）商
Buyer 买方
Seller 卖方
Broker 中间人/ 掮客（跑街先生）
Middle-man 中间人（商）

OTI 远洋运输中介公司

NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人
NVOCC Services may include but are not limited to： 无船承运人

提供的服务包括但不局限于：
1） purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering

向船舶承运人购买再向
such services for resale to other persons 他人转售运输服务
2） payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation

charges 支付港到港或全程
多式联运费用
3） entering into affreightment agreements with underlying

shippers 与大货主签订运输合同
4） issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 签发提单或

相同效用单证
5） arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland

freight 安排内陆运输，从全程
charges on through transportation movements 运费中支付内陆运费
6） paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向货

代支付合理佣金
7） leasing containers 负责租用（集装箱）货柜
8） entering into arrangements with origin or destination

agents 与始发地、目的地代理签
订合作协议，落实运作
Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish

evidence 在美国经营无船承运人
of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 必需提供

保证金75000美元

Ocean Freight Broker 远洋揽货代理（ 船东订舱／营销代理 ）

Ocean Freight Broker is an entity 远洋揽货代理系
which is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier

由船东经营，专事为本公司揽货，
and/or offer for sale ocean transportation services 提供远洋运

输服务的机构。对外
which holds itself out to the public as one who negotiates 负责

与收、发货人洽谈运输条款
between shipper or consignee and carrier for the purchase， 出

售舱位等事宜。
sale，conditions and terms of transportation。
An Ocean Freight Broker is not required to be licensed to 远洋

揽货代理无需专办经营
perform those services。 执照

Cargo Forwarding Agent / Cargo Forwarder 货运代理
Freight Forwarding / Forwarder 货运代理

Ocean Freight Forwarder 远洋货运代理人
Freight Forwarding services may include，but are not limited to

： 货代服务包括但不局限于：
1） ordering cargo to port 安排将货物运送至港区（口）
2） preparing and/or processing export declarations 安排出口报

关
3） booking，arranging for or confirming cargo space 安排订舱，

确认舱位
4） preparing or processing delivery orders or dock receipts 安

排装货单证（场站收据）
5） preparing and/or processing ocean bills of lading 安排海运

提单
6） preparing or processing consular documents or 安排出口单证

及
arranging for their certification 货物出口相关证书
7） arranging for warehouse storage 安排仓库储放
8） arranging for cargo insurance 安排货运保险
9） clearing shipments in accordance with Government 根据政府有

关出口规定
e

D．条款
Contract Terms （and conditions ） 合同条款
Article 条
Section 节/项
Item 款
Stipulation 规定
Essential terms 必备（主要）条款
Revision 修改
Alteration 更改
Contract Signatory 合同签署方（人）
Merchant 签约方
Head-Contractor 总承包商
Sub-Contractor 分包商
Parties to the contract 合同（协议签约）有关各方

E. 买卖方、中介
Manufacturer 制造（厂）商
Buyer 买方
Seller 卖方
Broker 中间人/ 掮客（跑街先生）
Middle-man 中间人（商）

OTI 远洋运输中介公司

NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人
NVOCC Services may include but are not limited to： 无船承运人

提供的服务包括但不局限于：
1） purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering

向船舶承运人购买再向
such services for resale to other persons 他人转售运输服务
2） payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation

charges 支付港到港或全程
多式联运费用
3） entering into affreightment agreements with underlying

shippers 与大货主签订运输合同
4） issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 签发提单或

相同效用单证
5） arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland

freight 安排内陆运输，从全程
charges on through transportation movements 运费中支付内陆运费
6） paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向货

代支付合理佣金
7） leasing containers 负责租用（集装箱）货柜
8） entering into arrangements with origin or destination

agents 与始发地、目的地代理签
订合作协议，落实运作
Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish

evidence 在美国经营无船承运人
of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 必需提供

保证金75000美元

Ocean Freight Broker 远洋揽货代理（ 船东订舱／营销代理 ）

Ocean Freight Broker is an entity 远洋揽货代理系
which is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier

由船东经营，专事为本公司揽货，
and/or offer for sale ocean transportation services 提供远洋运

输服务的机构。对外
which holds itself out to the public as one who negotiates 负责

与收、发货人洽谈运输条款
between shipper or consignee and carrier for the purchase， 出

售舱位等事宜。
sale，conditions and terms of transportation。
An Ocean Freight Broker is not required to be licensed to 远洋

揽货代理无需专办经营
perform those services。 执照

Cargo Forwarding Agent / Cargo Forwarder 货运代理
Freight Forwarding / Forwarder 货运代理

Ocean Freight Forwarder 远洋货运代理人
Freight Forwarding services may include，but are not limited to

： 货代服务包括但不局限于：
1） ordering cargo to port 安排将货物运送至港区（口）
2） preparing and/or processing export declarations 安排出口报

关
3） booking，arranging for or confirming cargo space 安排订舱，

确认舱位
4） preparing or processing delivery orders or dock receipts 安

排装货单证（场站收据）
5） preparing and/or processing ocean bills of lading 安排海运

提单
6） preparing or processing consular documents or 安排出口单证

及
arranging for their certification 货物出口相关证书
7） arranging for warehouse storage 安排仓库储放
8） arranging for cargo insurance 安排货运保险
9） clearing shipments in accordance with Government 根据政府有

关出口规定
e

F．公司
Head Office （Headquarters） 总公司
Board of Directors 董事会
Director 董事
CEO 首席执行官（总裁）
CFO 财务总监
Regional Office 区域性公司
Local Office 地区公司
Affiliate 附属（子）公司
Branch Office 分公司
Sub-office 支公司
Subsidiaries 下属公司
Liaison Office 联络处
Rep. Office （Representative Office） 代表（办事）处
Chief Representative 首席代表
Group Company 集团公司
Conglomerate 集团公司（企业集团）

G．收发货人
Shipper SPR 发货人/托运人
Shipper may mean : 发货人可以是：
1) a cargo owner 货物持有者（真正意义上的货主）
2） the person for whose account the ocean
transportation is provided 远洋运输费用支付人
3） the person to whom delivery is to be made 收货人
4） a shippers’ association 货主协会
an NVOCC that accepts responsibility for 承担支付运价本费率或服

务
payment of all charges applicable 合同费用的无船承运人
under the tariff or service contract
Consolidator A company that consolidates freight owned by

various parties
into one container. 拼箱货发货人
Consignor 发货人
Consignee 收货人
Notify Party 通知方
Second Notify Party 第二通知方

H．客户
Customer /Client （customer） 客户
Direct Account （ customer ） 直接客户
Target Customer （目标）大客户
BCO Beneficial Owner of the cargo 直接货主（制造厂商）
Big Accounts 大客户
VIP Customers 重要客户
Agreement / Contract Customer 协议客户
Long-term Customer 长期客户
Potential Customer 潜在客户
Picky customer 好挑剔的客户

I．谈判
Negotiation （Business Talk ） 谈判
Compromise （ Meet half-way ） 折衷妥协
50 / 50 （ fifty to fifty / fifty fifty ） 折衷
Win-Win 双赢
not a matter of percentage but principle 不是占多大比重而是原则

问题

２．CONTAINER EXPORT PROCEDURE 出口集装箱简易出运程序

As EDI such as Cargo 2000, is more popular nowadays and used by

both the VOCC
and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no longer widely used.
由于电子数据交换（如CARGO 2000）等在船公司和海关之间已相当普遍

，书面的
托单已不如先前那样广为使用。

Ａ。 To ascertain service and freight rate that are most

appropriate from Carrier before
booking is made;
先向承运人（船公司）确认最为合适的服务与海运价，尔后再订舱。
Ｂ。 Upon booking, Carrier is to reserve space and deliver to

shipper a shipping order
informing shipper of the number of the container, which is to

be fetched by
shipper at carrier’s container depot for their own packing;
订舱一经确认，承运人应保留舱位并向托运人签发托运单，告知有关集

装箱箱号，
由托运人自行前往承运人指定集装箱堆场提箱，装箱。
Ｃ。 Shipper is to pack the container in full load at his plant

or at his place of business
托运人则在其工厂或业务场所进行整箱装箱。
Ｄ。 Customs inspection is made ex-works before the container

is locked and sealed ;
装箱后经由海关检验，锁妥、加封、出厂。
Ｅ。 Shipper to send it to CY ； Customs inspection can also be

made at CY of the sent
container before it is finally sealed;
托运人将集装箱送到港区CY（集装箱堆场）；
海关检验亦可在港区CY进行，验妥后最终加封。
Ｆ。 Receiving clerk who is from the carrier or the carrier’s

agent, at the dock is to
receive the sh

３．Shipping-related Terms 航运有关术语

A. 承运人
Shipping Lines 航运公司
Common carriers 公共承运人
OCC Ocean Common Carrier 远洋公共承运人
VOCC Vessel-Operating Common Carrier 船舶承运人
Vessel Sharing Carriers 共用舱位承运人
NVOCC 无船承运人
Master NVOCC 主装无船承运人
Tendering NVOCC 交运货物的无船承运人
Contract NVOCC 签约无船承运人
MTO Multi-modal Transport Operator 多式联运经营人
An MTO deals with all matters in relation to the conveyance of

cargo
entrusted to him from the point of shipment to the place of

delivery,
documentation and arrangements with sub-contractors at various
breaking points to facilitate expeditious movement of cargo. In

most
cases it is necessary for him to appoint agents or

correspondents at
various points or even maintain subsidiary concerns at

important
transshipping points to attend to all the work necessary in

connection
with the movement of cargo. He assumes responsibility for the
performance of the contract.
MTO Marine Terminal Operator 海运码头经营者
Vessel Operation MTO 经营多式联运的船舶承运人
NVO-MTO may be a road operator/rail operator/
airline operator/freight forwarder 不营运船舶的多式联运经营人
Controlled Carrier 受控承运人
Rates must be “just and reasonable” - compensatory.
运价必须是”公正的和合理的“－具有补偿性的
30 days notice required to increase or reduce tariff rates.
运价的上涨和下调登记30天后生效
Conference Carrier 公会承运人
Independent carriers 独立承运人
9th largest carrier serving the US 美线第9大承运人
Consortium ( Group of carriers pooling resources in a trade

lane
to maximize their resources effectively ) 联盟
Alliance 联盟

Ｂ. 竞争
Competitors 竞争对手
Player 竞争参与者（对手）
Foreclose from 。。排斥在外
To preserve legitimate competition among all common carriers
保持公共承运人之间的合法竞争

C. 运输模式、网络
Transportation Network 运输网络
Pendulum Service 钟摆式服务模式
Loop Service 环扣式服务模式
Trunk Service / Line 干线
Feeder Service vessel employed in normally short sea routes to

fetch or carry
goods/containers to and from ocean-going vessels 支线
Common Feeder 公共支线
Coastal Transport 沿海运输
Barge / Lighter 驳船

D. 船
Self-owned Vessels 自有船
Time-chartered Vessels 期租船
Inbound Vessel / Homebound 进口（回程）船
Outgoing / Outbound Vessel 出口船
Liner Vessel plying a regular trade against a published sailing

schedule 班轮
Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a container 箱位

E. 航班 / 次
A weekly sailing 周班
A fixed day sailing 定日航班
A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班
A fortnight sailing 双周班
A bi-weekly sailing 周双班
A monthly sailing 每月班
On-schedule arrival / departure 准班抵离
Sailing frequency 航次密度

ETA Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 预计到达时间
ETB Estimated（Expected）Time of Berthing 预计靠泊时间
ETCD Estimated Time of Commencing Discharge 预计开卸时间
ETCL Estimated Time of Commencing Loading 预计开装时间
ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 预计离泊时间
The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to change without

prior notice。 船期/船舶如有变
更将不作事先通知
Closing Date Last day on which export cargo can be accepted 截

止申报时间
for a nominated sailing.

G．码头
Intercoastal water service between points on the Atlantic and
the Pacific Coasts 美国东西岸水路运输
Intermodal movement of cargo or container between motor，rail

or water carriers 多式联运
Port / Port 9 港口/码头（上港九区）
Dock 码头
Quay 码头
Terminal 班轮靠泊码头
Container Terminal also referred to as a Container Yard (CY), A

facility that
receives full export containers from one shipper to loading
the vessel and delivers full import containers to the consignee
after; it is the same location where ocean vessels are loaded
& unloaded. 集装箱码头
Wharf 靠泊码头
Jetty 突堤码头
STEVES Stevedores 码头工人
Docker 码头工人
Berth 泊位
Loading Berth 装箱泊位
Quayside / Apron 码头前沿
Depot container freight station or a designated area where

empty
containers can be picked up or dropped off 集装箱堆场/储运站
Container Loading List 集装箱装船报
Bay plan 预配图 / 集装箱船积载图（表）
Slot No。 舱位（号码）
Pallet A platform with/without sides，on which packages
may be loaded to facilitate handling 托盘
Stacking Yard 集装箱堆场
Bay number 排数
Row number 列数
Tier number 层高数
L/W/H Length/Width/Height 长/宽/高
On Deck containers 甲板以上装箱
Under Deck containers ( below ship containers) 甲板以下装箱
The ratio of under deck and on deck containers
being 3 : 1 甲板上与舱内箱位数量比3：1
Deck storage, normally treated as being stowed under deck,
is definitely prone to accidents. 虽风险较大甲板装箱仍应视同舱

内装箱
The capacity utility rate 箱位利用率
Load Factor percentage of loaded containers against total

capacity
of vessel or allocation 装船率（所装箱量占全船箱位或口岸配额之

比例）
TDR Terminal Departure Report 离码头报告

H．装、拆箱
Pack/Stuff/Van （-ing） stowing cargo in a container 装箱
Devanning the removal of cargo from a container。
Also known as unstuffing，unpacking，unloading or stripping 拆

箱
Consolidation ( the combination of many small shipments into

one container ) 拼装
CLP Container Load Plan A document prepared to show all details

of cargo
loaded in a container e.g. weight ( individual and total),

measurement,
markings, shippers, consignees, the origin & destination of

goods
and location of cargo within the container 集装箱配载图
Container Number the unique identification of a container 箱号
Seal 集装箱箱封
Container Seal Number the number of high security seals

provided by the carrier 箱封号
Locked and Sealed 集装箱已锁妥、封好
Partial Shipment 分批装运

I．吊
Shore Crane / Gantry Crane 岸吊
Portainer 集装箱岸吊
Mobile Crane 汽车吊
Fork Lift 叉车
Loading Platform 装卸平台

J． 保税
Bonded Area 保税区
Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保税货物
Bonded Warehouse 保税库
Caged stored at bonded warehouse 进入海关监管

K． 集卡
Road Transportation 公路运输
Lorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡
Chassis a wheeled flat bed or a trailer to accommodate
containers moving over the road 集卡
Tractor 牵引车/拖头
Low-bed 低平板车
Trailer 拖车
Transporter 拖车
DST Double Stack Train，capable of carrying 2 x 40’ 可装2个高

（双层）的火车
Trucking Company 车队（汽车运输公司）
Haulage / Drayage 驳运/汽车陆运
Truck Transfer 汽车驳运
Axle load 轴负荷
Tire-load 轮胎负荷
Toll Gate

L． 船代
Shipping agent 船舶代理
Local shipping agent 当地船代
Handling Agent 操作代理
Booking Agent the party who secures FOB cargo 订舱代理
Shipping Agency network 代理网络
Boarding Agent / Clerk 代理外勤（登轮）
Cargo Canvassing 揽货
FFF Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金
Brokerage / Commission 佣金
M． 供应
Procurement 采购
Ship-chandler 船舶供应商
Bunker Supplier 船舶燃料供应公司
Seamen’s Club 海员俱乐部
Travel Agency 旅行社
Couriers UPS/TNT/HDS/EMS 快递

N． 订舱
Booking 订舱
Booking Note 订舱单
Booking Number 订舱号
Dock Receipt a form used to acknowledge receipt of cargo at a

pier 场站收据
M/F (Manifest ) a manifest that lists only cargo, without

freight and charges 舱单
Cable/Telex Release 电放
A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书
PIC Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员
The said party 所涉及的一方
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods

have been placed
on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy the requirements of

a L/C On Board提单
Shut-Out containers/goods not carried on intended vessel 漏装箱
Missed Voyage Container 漏装箱
Cancellation 退关箱

O．中转
In bound vessel or cargo going to port of discharge or final

destination 进口
In transit 中转
Transportation hub 中转港
Strategically located hubs 地处战略要地的中转港
T/S Transshipping / Transshipment 转运/转口
MLB Mini-Land Bridge / Mini-Bridge
cargo moving from/to an inland destination on one B/L
from/to a foreign port through 2 US ports 小陆桥
Mislaid in transit 中转途中错卸
BP Base Port 基本港
Prompt release 即时放行
Permit for its unloading 允许卸船
PTT Permit to Transfer 中转货出港放行证
Transit time 航程时间 / 中转时间
Cargo availability at destination in。。 货物运抵目的地
Second Carrier （第）二程船
On carriage / second carriage 二程运输

4． Service-related Terms 运输条款相关术语

A. CY/CY (Y/Y) This CY to CY service means: 场到场
FCL/FCL Containers packed by Shippers off Carrier’s
premises, and delivered to Carrier’s CY, accepted
by Consignee at Carrier’s CY and unpacked off
Carrier’s premises, all at the risk and expense of
the cargo.。。for pick up intact by consignee

B. CY/CFS (Y/S) This CY to CFS service means : 场到站
FCL/LCL Containers packed by Shippers off Carrier’s
premises and Delivered to Carrier’s CY, Unpacked
by the Carrier at the destination port CFS, All at the
risk and expense of the cargo 。。devanned by the
carrier for loose pick up

C. CFS/CFS (S/S) This CFS to CFS service means : 站到站
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed
by Carrier; To be unpacked by Carrier at Carrier’s
destination port CFS; All at the risk and expense of
the cargo。A kind of cargo movement by container.
Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier,
devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up
loose at destination.

D. CFS/CY ( S/Y) This CFS to CY service means : 站到场
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed by
Carrier; Accepted by Consignee at Carrier’s CY
and Unpacked by Consignee off Carrier’s premises;
All at the risk and expense of the cargo.

E. D/D Door to Door 门到门
Containers can be fetched by carrier at sender’s place
by using lorries or rail cars and conveyed to container
terminal for loading. At the other end of journey the
container can be delivered at receiver’s place upon arrival.
F. Co-Loa

A． Is the master NVOCC the responsible filing party for all

bills of
lading in a co-loaded container ?
套约拼装箱所有的提单货是否都由主装的那家NVOCC负责报备？

答：目前美国海关边防总署给‘ master NVOCC （主装NVOCC） ’
下的定义是：负责将箱子交由船舶承运人运输的NVOCC。具有自动
申报的主装NVOCC负责为不具备自动申报各方货物的报备。而不具
备自动申报条件的主装NVOCC则负责为不具备自动申报的各装家
向承运人提供书面的货物申报单。

B． If all the NVOCCs in a co-loaded box are ‘automated’, can

each
NVOCC file the information needed from its own bills of lading

in AMS ?
套约拼装箱各家NVOCC都具备自动申报能力，是否每家都可以通过
AMS各自报备自己提单货物的信息 ？

答：具备自动申报条件的主装NVOCC负责为向其提供书面申报的各家报备

。
具有自动申报能力的NVOCC参与拼装必须通过AMS系统直接向美国
海关边防总署报备。不具备自动申报能力的NVOCC应向主装NVOCC
提供货物申报信息，由其再将信息传送致美国海关边防总署。不具备自
动申报条件的NVOCC在与一家具备自动申报能力的主装NVOCC拼
装时，不许将货物申报信息提供给船舶经营人。

C． If each NVOCC can file, does the vessel carrier need to

know how
many NVOCCs are obliged to file in AMS for a container it is

loading
and transporting, and how would it know this ? Will each co-

loading
NVOCC have to list the vessel carrier as the Second Notify

Party for its
filing to be acceptable ?
如果每家NVOCC都可以报备，船舶承运人有无必要知道它
所承运的拼装箱内到底有多少家是通过AMS报备 ？怎样才
能够知道 ？是否参与拼装的每家NVOCC都要把船舶承运人
列为第二通知方报备方可接受 ？

答：具备自动申报能力的NVOCC应报备所有提单货物信息的全部
数据并将船舶承运人列为第二通知方。AMS系统不会通知船舶
承运人拼装箱内到底有多少家NVOCC。即便是船舶承运人需
要了解，通过AMS系统也无从获得。很多承运人缮制表格让
具备自动申报条件的NVOCC填写，表格即可显示拼装箱内
有多少票提单货以及提单号。

D． The commentary states that if a non-automated NVOCC is
co-loading with an automated ‘master’ NVOCC, the non-

automated
NVOCC ‘must fully disclose and present the required manifest

for
their cargo to the automated NVOCC who would be required to
present this information to CBP via vessel AMS.’ If the non-

automated
co-loading NVOCC does not want to give its bill of lading
information to the master NVOCC(a potential competitor), but

comes
to the vessel carrier to file its cargo declaration information

via
AMS, do the regulations permit this or is the AMS filing only

to be
done by the automated NVOCC ?
评论称，如果一家非自动申报的NVOCC跟一家自动申报的主装
NVOCC拼装，前者必须将全部的舱单信息向后者公开，由后者
通过船舶的AMS系统向美国海关边防总署报备。如果参加拼装的
这家非自动申报NVOCC不想让一起拼装的主装NVOCC（潜在竞
争对手）知道提单信息，直接找到了船舶承运人通过他的AMS系
统进行报备，规定是否可以允许这样做 ？还是AMS报备必须要通
过具有自动申报的NVOCC来做 ？

答：请参看上述问题B）的回答。

What is lawful co-loading?
什么是合法CO-LOADING?
Two types:
二种类型：
Contract NVOCC issues it

5。Rate-related Terms 运价、费收相关术语

Simplified rate structure 简明的运价结构
Clear service charges 清晰的费收标准
Transparent ocean freight 透明的海运运价
Ocean Freight 海运费
Sea Freight 海运费
Freight Rate 海运价
Charge / Fee （收）费
Dead Freight 空舱费
Dead Space Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is not

utilized 亏舱
Surcharge / Additional Charge 附加费
Toll 桥/境费
Charges that are below a just and reasonable level 低于正当合理

的收费
The level compensatory to actual or constructive costs 与营运加

折旧成本相当的水平
Low rates are now in session。 现在处于低运价时期
Rates required to maintain acceptable continuity 能维持正常营运

的运价水平
Quote/Quotation/Offer 报价
Market Price Level 市场价水平
Special Rate 特价
Rock Bottom Price 最低底价
Best Obtainable Price 市场最好价
Price making mechanism 运价制定机制
Rate making ( procedure ) 运价制定（程序）
Pricing System 制定运价体系
PP Freight Prepaid freight and charges are required to be paid
by shipper before original B/L is released 预付运费
CC Freight to Collect 到付运费
Freight Payable At Destination 到付运费
Back Freight 退货运费
Fixed Price 固定价格
IA Action independent action 独自行动
Price Squeeze 运价挤压
Comm. Commission 佣金
Rebate a return of part of the freight payment 回扣/折扣
Volume Incentive 箱扣（箱量回扣）
OCP Overland Common Point 陆路共通点
IPI Interior Point Intermodal 内陆点多式联运（服务）
Arbitrary Transportation to final destination beyond base port
by feeder vessel or truck or other methods 内陆中转费
IHC Inland Haulage Charge 内陆托运费
OCP Overland Common Point 内陆点
OCP rates which are generally lower than local train rates,

were establishe
by the US west coast steamship companies in conjunction with

railroads serving
the western US, so that cargo originating or destined to the

American Midwest
and East would be competitive with all-water rates via the US

Atlantic and Gulf
ports. OCP rates are also applicable to eastern Canada.
Drayage charge made for local hauling by dray or truck 拖运费
TVR Time Volume Rate 时间箱量运价
TRI Tariff Rate Item 费率本运价品名
N.O.S. Not Otherwise Specified (in this tariff) 未作特别规定
SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge 上海港附加费
GRI General Rate Increase 运价上调
SGRI Second General Rate Increase 第二次运价上调
GRD General Rate Decrease 运价下调
TGRD Temporary General Rate Decrease 临时运价下调
PSS Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加费
Wharfage A charge assessed by a pier against freight handled

over the pier 码头附加费
THC Terminal Handling Charge 码头操作附加费
ORC Origin Receiving Charge 始发接单费
CUC Chassis Usage Charge 拖车运费
IAC Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S. Inland Surcharge) 内

陆运输附加费
ERS Equipment Re-positioning Surcharge 集装箱回空费
PCS Port Congestion Surcharge 疏港费
PCF Panama Canal Transit Fee 巴拿马运河费
SCF(C) Suez Canal Transit Fee (Charge) 苏伊士运河费
TRC Terminal Receiving Charge 码头接运费
ACC Alameda Corridor User Surcharge All cargo moving through

the ports
of Los Angeles or Long Beach that is transported by rail

through or out of
Southern California, shall be subject to a charge as specified

in tariff.
南加州（洛杉机/长滩）铁路转运附加费
DDC Destination Delivery Charge （目的地卸货费）

6． Shipment-related Terms 货载相关术语

FOB （Free On Board ） 装运港船上交货
CIF （Cost，Insurance and Freight） 成本加保险、运费
Liner Terms freight includes the cost of loading onto and

discharging from the vessel 班轮条款
Booking Instructions 订舱要求
Direct Shipment 直接货载
CL Container Load 集装箱货
FCL Full Container Load
FCL normally packed by shipper and conveyed to CY 满箱货
LCL Less Than Container Load 拼箱货
normally sent to carrier’s CFS for consolidation by carrier
Consolidated cargo : cargo containing shipments of 2 or more

shippers,
usually shipped by a firm called consolidator.
The consolidator takes advantage of lower
FCL , rates and savings passed on to shippers 拼装货
Cargo / Goods / Merchandise 货物
Cargo Description / Description of Goods 货物品名
Commodity 商品
Catalogue 产品目录
Product 产品
By-product 副产品
Agri-Product / Agri-Produce 农产品
Project Cargo 项目货
Dangerous Used by IMCO for hazardous materials posing a

significant
risk to health，safety or property 危险品
Perishable Cargo subject to decay or deterioration 冷藏货
Unit Load packages loaded on a pallet or any other way that

enables them to be
Handled at one time as a unit 单位货载（1大纸箱/1托盘）
FROB 过境货
For prompt shipment 立即出运
Cargo Supplier （供）货方
Upcoming Shipment 下一载货
Same Assignment 同一批货
Consignment 一票货
Nomination Cargo 指定（指派）货
Indicated / Nominated Cargo 指装货
Time-sensitive cargo 高时效要求货物
Less time-sensitive cargo 低时效要求货物
Shipments under B/L No。XXX XXX提单货
Double-deck load A second tier of cargo placed on top of the

fir t tier 两层叠装
Dry Cargo cargo that does not require temperature control 普货

（非温控货）
Awkward Cargo cargo of irregular size; requires prior approval

on a case by case basis 畸形货
GDSM General Department Store Merchandise 百货
Cargo Volume 货量
Freight Volume 货量
Reefer Cargo 冷冻货
High-Value Cargo （goods） 高价货
To tender minimum cargo 提供最低限量货物
Cargo Description 货名
Miss Description 虚报货名
Agreement Rate 协议运价
Market Report 市场报告
Market Share 市场份额
To obtain market value for the containers 集装箱自身的市场价格
CKD Completely（car）Knocked Down 汽车散件
SKD Semi Knocked Down 汽车配件
D & H dangerous and hazardous 危险品
Revenue ton / Freight ton the greater weight or measurement of

goods where１ton
is either 1000 kilos or 1 cubic meter。Also known as B/L ton。
It is used to calculate freight charge。 运费吨
Weight ton 重量吨
Measurement ton 容积吨

7． Document-related Terms 单证相关术语

S/O Shipping Order
Usually for the same set of Shipping Orders, there are a
number of copies with the same form and contents but
with different names such as the 1st copy is called Shipping
Order and remainders are called Shipping Order Copy or
Dock Receipt for different purposes such as space control,
surveyor and sworn measure, documentation.
As EDI is more popular nowadays and used by both the
Shipper and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no longer
Widely used. 托（运）单

B/L Bill of Lading 提单
B/L Copy 提单副本
OBL Ocean Bill of Lading 海运提单
HBL House Bill of Lading 无船承运人提单
TBL Through Bill of Lading 全程提单
Advanced BL Advanced Bill of lading 预借提单
Anti-Dated BL Anti-dated Bill of Lading 倒签提单
Blank BL Blank Bill of Lading 空白提单
‘To Order’B/L 指示提单
Combined Bill 并单（提单）
Separate Bill 拆单（提单）
Way Bill A document prepared by a shipping line at the point of
shipment, showing the point of origin, destination, route,
consignor, consignee, description of shipment and amount
charged for the transportation service. A waybill is forwarded
with the shipment or sent by mail to the agent at the transfer
point or waybill destination. Unlike a B/L, a waybill is not a
document of title. 运单
Straight B/L A non-negotiable B/L。the Pomerene Act governs its
operation in the US。 记名提单
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods

have
been placed on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy
the requirements of a L/C On Board提单
Shipped B/L A B/L issued only after the goods have actually

been shipped
On board the vessel，as distinguished from the received for
Shipments B/L 已出运的货物提单
（On Board B/L； Shipped B/L 已装船提单 ）
Received for Shipment B/L 备运提单
Transhipment B/L 转船提单
Through B/L 联运提单
Shipper（Consignee）Box 发（收）货人栏（格）
Arrival Notice 到货通知书
An advice that the carrier sends to the consignee advising of

goods
coming forward for delivery. Pertinent information such as BL

No.,
container No. and total charge due from consignee, etc, are

included
and sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival. This is done

gratuitously
by the carrier to ensure smooth delivery but there is no

obligation by
the carrier to do so. The responsibility to monitor the transit

and
present himself to take timely delivery still rests with the

consignee.
M/F Manifest document that lists in detail all the Bs/L issued

by a vessel
or its agent or master，ie，a detailed summary of the total

cargo 舱单
Batch Filing 批量报备
Manifest Discrepancy 舱单数据不符
Acknowledgement of Manifest Receipt 收到舱单回执
Packing List 装箱单
Cargo Receipt 承运货物收据
D/R Dock Receipt 场站收据
D/O Delivery Order 交货单（小提单）
A document authorizing delivery to a nominated party of goods

in
the care of a 3rd party。Can be issued by a carrier on

surrender
of a bill of lading and then used by the merchant to transfer

title
by endorsement。
Shipping Permit issued by a shipping company，authorizing the

receiving 船公司托（带）运证明
clerk at pier/warehouse/on board to receive a stipulated amount
of goods or materials from a specified firm/client。
Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口申报单
A customs house form, filled by the shipper of goods to other

countries.
Also called shipper’s manifest. It mentions the marks

8. Inspection-related Terms 检验相关术语

Customs Inspection 海关查验
Commodity Inspection 商品检验
Tally 理货
Tally Report 理货报告
Check 查验/检查/核对
Fumigation treatment with a pesticide active ingredient that is

a
gas under treatment conditions 熏蒸
Animal / Plant Inspection 动植物检验
INSP Inspection / Inspector 检验/检验员
Certificate of Origin ( normally issued or signed by a Chamber

of
Commerce or Embassy ) （始发地）原产地证书
Arbitration 仲裁
FAE Fresh Air Exchange 空气交换
The fresh air exchange system on a reefer removes harmful gases
from perishable commodities. The fresh air vent is adjustable

to
accommodate a variety of cargo
Force Majeure 不可抗力
M/F FILING Manifest Fling 舱单申报
ACS Automated Commercial System 自动商务系统
A system of software programs between Customs and brokers
to communicate. These programs are design with the ultimate
goal of paperless transaction between Customs and brokers
ABI Automated Broker Interface ( part of ACS ) 自动的报关行接口
Which permits transmission of data pertaining to merchandise
being imported into the United States.
(Qualified participants include brokers, importers, carriers,

port
authorities, and independent data processing companies referred
to as service centers.)
ACH Automated Clearing House ( part of ACS ) 自动清关
Which allows electronic funds transfer for payment of estimated
duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandise
AMS Automated Manifest System ( for anti-terrorism ) 自动舱单（

反恐）申报系统
An application that expedites the clearance of cargo for the
subsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S.
through electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of
bulk paper manifests.
CSI Container Security Initiative 集装箱安全防范措施
To address the threat terrorists pose to containerized
shipping, Customs developed CSI.
为应对恐怖主义对集装箱运输。。推出
CSS Cargo Selectivity System 货物抽验
It is how Customs selects freight or documentation to be
examined. Examinations are chosen by the risk of importer
and manufacturer or activities with certain tariff numbers.
CTPAT Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism 海关贸易合作

反恐条例
SCAC Standard Carrier Alpha Code 承运人标准数字编码
CHB Customs House Broker 报关行
A company or individual licensed by US Customs to do
business as an agent with US Customs House.
SED (EX-DEC) Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口报关单
A form required by Census Bureau for export statistical
purposes, which consists mainly of SHIPPER NAME,
IRS No., CONSIGNEE NAME, HTS, VALUE and
Shipping details plus Freight terms.
SLI Shipper Letter of Instruction 货主出口报关指示函
A carbon form that serves as Ex-Dec and/or B/L
instructions.
HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 国际货物编码
The international coding system for commodities.
BONDED WAREHOUSE 保税库
Warehouses approved by Customs for storage and/or
manufacture of goods. Duties assessed and due when
goods enter the U.S.(China) for consumption. No duties
due if re-exported.
BONDED AREA 保税区
BONDED GOODS 保税货物
QUOTAs Quantity of one HTS item allowed to be imported at

either
higher or lower rate of duties. 进口配额
DDP Delivery Duty Paid 完税
DDU Delivery Duty Unpaid 未完税
DRAWBACK Duties payment refunded because freight is re-exported
or for similar circumstances 退税金额
Customs fine 海关罚款
Customs seals 海关关封
Applicat

9． Container-related Terms 集装箱相关术语

fleet of containers 集装箱箱队
E/C Equipment control 箱管
TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit is the value of 1 twenty-foot

container. ( 20’GP) 20尺标箱
FEU Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit. 1 Forty-Foot equivalent equals

（40’GP）
2 Twenty-Foot containers. 40尺标箱
Corner Fitting 角件
Corner Post 角柱
End Wall/Side Wall 端墙/侧墙
Bull Ring（D Ring）cargo-securing devices mounted in the floor

of containers 箱内稳货环
Container No。 箱号
Seal metal strip or lead fastener used for locking freight car

箱封
Seal record a record of the number，condition and marks of

identification
on seals made at various times and places，referring to the
movement of the container between origin and destination 箱封检

查记录
Collection and Distribution Transport 拼箱分拨运输
SL&C Shipper’s Load and Count 货主装箱、点数
SP & S Shipper’s Pack and Seal 货主装箱、加封
SOC Shipper’s Own Container （SHIPPER OWNED CTN） 货主自有箱
The maintenance of a sufficient quantity of containers may be
expensive, but may prove to be worthwhile in the long run,
depending on the trade volume. In cases, shippers may purchase
from the market the used container to send the cargo with, just
for once and keep the container for a makeshift warehouse
after its delivery or for some other use at destination
COC Carrier’s Own Container（CARRIER OWNED CTN） 船东自有箱
From others’ point of view, containers for a specific carrier

’s use are all
called COC. Therefore, the carrier’s leased in containers are

also his COC.
Equipment change 换箱
GP General Product ( Dry Cargo ) Container 干货箱
DC Dry Cargo Container 干货箱
Garmentainer 挂衣箱
GOH Garment on Hanger 挂衣箱
HC/HQ HI-CUBE （HIGH CUBE）Container Any container which
exceeds 8 feet 6 inches in height， usually 9’6’’ 高箱
40 TH 40’ TIE High Cube 40尺高箱
40 GH 40’ Garment High Cube 40尺挂衣高箱
40’/45’ HI-CUBE CONTAINER SURCHARGE 40’/45’高箱费
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.125 ( for 40’ HC ) 海运费计收
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.266 (for 45’ HC )
FR Flat Rack Container 框架箱
OT Open Top 开顶箱
PF （Platform Container） 平板箱

RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱
COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER（FR 框架） 折叠式集装箱
DG Container Dangerous Goods Container 危险品箱
Controlled Atmosphere an atmosphere in which oxygen, carbon

dioxide and
nitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well as
temperature and humidity. 箱体内气体、温度、湿度调控
Empties Empty containers are provided by ship operators
to cargo owners at container depots. Appropriate
charges are made for the lease of their ownership. 空箱
Genset a portable power generator, which convert fuel into
Electrical power by mechanical means, and from which
A reefer draws power. （手提式/轻便） 冷箱发电机
Power Pack 供冷箱用的小型发电机（可租用）
Container Cleaning 洗箱
VEN Ventilated 通风
FRZ Frozen 冰冻
HTD Heated 加热
I.D. Inside Dimension 箱内尺码
Inside Measurement 箱内尺码
TW ( TARE WEIGHT ) The weight of an empty container 箱子皮重
Container Leasing Co。 租箱公司
Equipment Exchange (Interchange) Receipt 设备交接单
Repositioning 集装箱回空
Inventory Report 盘存报告
Sold Report 卖箱报告
Wear and Tear 正常损耗
Bend/Bow/Dent/Cracked 弯曲/压弯/凹进/裂痕
One Way Free Use 单向免费使用
Container Leasing long-term / short-term lease 集装箱租赁 长期

/

10. L/C Terms 信用证术语

L/C Letter of Credit 信用证
L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment, facilitating

trade with
unknown buyers and giving protection to both sellers and

buyers.
为跟不了解的买方做贸易，采用信用证结汇十分方便，可以保护
买卖双方利益
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer who instructs

his
bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor of the seller

for
the amount of the purchase.
先由买方指示其银行开信用证，收款方开卖方
2. The buyer’s bank ( opening bank ) sends the L/C to its
correspondent in the seller’s country, giving instructions
about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary, the currency,
the documents required and other special instructions.
买方银行（开证行）将信用证开到其在卖方国家相应的议付行，
指示信用证金额，受益方，币种，所需的单据文件以及其它
特殊要求

3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent advises the

seller
of the same immediately.
议付行收悉信用证后应随即如实通知卖方

4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank and prepares

for
the shipment of the buyer’s order.
卖方与议付行接洽后即准备出运买方的定单货载

5. After shipment, the seller presents the relative shipment
documents to the bank, which should be clearly marked with
‘On board MV xxx’ together with a bill of exchange (汇票)

drawn
on the opening bank.
货载出运后，卖方将相关的盖有‘On Board MVxxx’字样的
货载单证连同带有开证行抬头的汇票一并交议付行

6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the seller when
documents presented are found to be in order.
议付行经验证卖方单据完整无误后即向卖方结汇

7. The correspondent bank then sends all the shipping documents

to
the buyer’s bank, which, in turn, passes them to the buyer,

who
finally reimburses the correspondent bank through the buyer’s

bank.
议付行然后将所有的货载单据转给买方银行，买方银行再转交给
买方；买方最终通过买方银行向议付行支付

to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以满足信用证要求
L/G Letter of Guarantee 银行保函
L/I Letter of Indemnity 赔偿保证书
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers place 开（信用）证行
Advising （Notifying）Bank at exporters place 通知行
Paying （Drawee）Bank at exporters place 付款行
Negotiating Bank A bank named in the credit；examines the

documents
and certifies to the issuing bank that the terms are
complied with。 议付行